USEARCH manual > algorithms > OTU clustering
Defining OTUs
 
See also
  SSU metagenomics
  16S OTUs

Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs)
In traditional numerical taxonomy (Sokal and Sneath, 1963; Sneath and Sokal, 1973), an Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) is a term that means "the thing(s) being studied". The definition is intentionally vague. The "thing(s)" could be an individual organism, a named taxonomic group such as a species or genus, or a group with undetermined evolutionary relationships that share a given set of observed characters. It is up to a scientist to specify and justify his or her definition of OTUs in the context of a particular study.

References
Sokal, PHA and Sneath, RR (1963), Principles of Numerical Taxonomy, San Francisco: W.H. Freeman..
Sneath, RR and Sokal, PHA (1973), Numerical Taxonomy, San Francisco: W.H. Freeman.